Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry

CHEM 265: Organic Chemistry I

Prereq: CHEM 101	4 C.H.	Lectures: 3 CH	Practical: 1 CH	Contact Hs: 5
Professional	Required	Second Year	Second Semester	English

Course Objectives:

After completing this course, the student will be able to:

1-       Illustrate the structure of the atom, with appropriate definition of the function of each part.

2-       Enumerate the types of the bonds with essential characteristics of each.

3-       Define hybridization of atomic orbital.

4-       Define resonance as applied in organic chemistry.

5-       Discuss the effect of isomerism on the physicochemical properties of organic chemicals.

6-       Enumerate the types of isomerism.

7-       Discuss the structural isomerism and stereo- isomerism

8-       Define chirality and chiral reagents.

9-       Discuss the correlation between synthesis and optical activity.

10-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis (ethyl alcohol) of pharmaceutical alcohols.

11-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis (ether) of pharmaceutical ethers.

12-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis (ethyl acetate) of pharmaceutical esters.

13-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis (acetone) of pharmaceutical ketones.

14-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis (acetaldehyde) of pharmaceutical aldehydes.

15-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis (ethanolamine) of pharmaceutical amines.

16-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, and reactions of pharmaceutical aromatic sulfonic acids.

17-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis (phenol) of pharmaceutical phenols.

18-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis anthracene and naphthalene.

19-   Discuss the carcinogenic effect of anthracene and allied compounds.

20-   Enumerate the important heterocyclic pharmaceuticals with special emphasis on pyrrole, thiophene, furan and pyridine derivatives.

21-   Describe the structure, nomenclature, physical properties of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and alkyl halides.

22-   Describe the method of synthesis of saccharin, acetaminophen, cresol, nitrofurantoin, ranitidine and propranolol

23-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis (salicylic acid) of pharmaceutical carboxylic acids.

Course Contents:

This course covers atom structure, chemical reactivity and stereochemistry, classification, structure,  properties, nomenclature, radicals and groups of organic pharmaceuticals as carboxylic acids, alcohols, glycols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, amines, phenols,  polynuclear aromatic compounds, alkanes, alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, alkyl halides,  alkadynes, alicyclic compounds, halides, amines,  anilines, hydralazine, and heterocyclic hydrocarbons found in official pharmaceutical. The practical work offers knowledge and skills in safety measures in labs, determination of constants, and identification of alcoholic; carboxylic, aldehydes, esters, aromatic halo hydrocarbons, and ketonic compounds. Also, it provides skills in the synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid, tribromophenol and actoacetic ester.

Practical work: covers identification of constants of certain organic chemicals. Also, it covers the syntheses of simple organic chemicals.

Bibliography

     1.Textbook Title:

1.      John McMurry, Organic chemistry. Thomson (2004)

2.      .Morrison T. Textbook of Organic Chemistry. Prentice-Hall of India New Delhi (2005).

3.      Fine I. Organic Chemistry Volume 1&11 .Longman Publication. Singapore (2004)

2. References:

 1. Sukes P. Guidebook in Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman New Delhi, India () 2005  

          2. Vogel A. Practical Organic Chemistry, Longman. Publications, London (2004)

3. Internet Reference

1. www.organic-chemistry.org
2.  www.chemhelper.com
3. www.chemistry.about.com/od/organichemistry/index.htm

Student Evaluation

CHEM 275: Organic Chemistry II:

Prereq: CHEM 265	4 C.H.	Lectures: 3 CH	Practical: 1 CH	Contact Hs: 5
Professional	Required	Third Year	First Semester	English

Course Objectives:

After completing this course, the student will be able to:

1-       Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis of phenols Compounds   

2-       Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis of ethers 

3-       Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis of polynuclear Compounds

4-       Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis of alkanes

5-       Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis of hydrocarbons

6-       Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis of alkadienes,

7-       Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis of alicyclics

8-       Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis of halides

9-       Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis of amines,

10-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis of anilines,

11-   Illustrate the structure, classification, nomenclature, physical properties, reactions and synthesis of hydralazine Compounds 

12-   Describe the structure, nomenclature, physical properties of carbohydrates

13-   Describe the structure, nomenclature, physical properties of proteins

14-   Describe the structure, nomenclature, physical properties of lipids

15-   Describe the method of synthesis of examples of the aforementioned groups

Course Contents:

This course covers: classification, properties, structure, nomenclature, radicals and groups and synthesis of organic pharmaceuticals as phenols, ethers, polynuclear, alkanes, alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons,  alkadienes, alicyclics, halides, amines,  anilines, hydralazine,  heterocyclic compounds, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids found in official pharmaceuticals

Practical work: covers identification of constants and synthesis of certain pharmaceutical organic chemicals related to phenols, ethers, polynuclear, alkanes, alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, alkadienes, alicyclics, halides, amines, anilines, hydralazine, heterocyclic compounds, carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids    .

Bibliography

 Textbook Title:

1. John McMurry, Organic chemistry. Thomson (2004)
2. .Morrison T. Textbook of Organic Chemistry. Prentice-Hall of India New Delhi (2005).
3. Fine I. Organic Chemistry Volume 1&11 .Longman Publication. Singapore (2004)

2. References:

1.      Sukes P. Guidebook in Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Orient Longman New   Delhi, India () 2005 

2.      Vogel A: Practical Organic Chemistry, Longman. Publications, London (2004)

3. Internet References

1. www.organic-chemistry.org
2.  www.chemhelper.com
3. www.chemistry.about.com/od/organichemistry/index.htm

Student Evaluation

CHEM 340: Analytical Chemistry

Prereq: CHEM 265	3C.H.	Lectures: 2 CH	Practical: 1 CH	Contact Hs: 4
Professional Course	Required	Third Year	First semester	English

Course Objectives:

 After completing this course, the student will be able to:

1-       Classify the quantitative methods of analysis.

2-       Define mean, medium, mode, standard deviation and standard error.

3-       Describe the process of validation.

4-       Apply validation on an analytical analysis.

5-       Discuss stoichiometry as applied in analytical chemistry.

6-       Apply law of mass action in analytical chemistry.

7-       Define common ion effect as applied in analytical chemistry.

8-       Define solubility product.

9-       Discuss ionization of water pH and buffer solution.

10-   Describe the general principles of titremetric analysis.

11-   Define standard solution.

12-   Calculate and prepare standard solution.

13-   Define percentage, molality, normality, and equivalent weight.

14-   Discuss the meaning of volumetric calculations, equivalent weight of oxidizing and reducing gents.

15-   Discuss the principles of aqueous acid base titration.

16-   Illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of acid base titration.

17-   Discuss the theory of indicators in acid base titration.

18-   Enumerate the types of neutralization titrations and their reagents.

19-   Apply neutralization titrations in non-aqueous media.

20-   Calculate equivalent weight of oxidizing and reducing agents,

21-   Carry out estimation in redox titration by KmnO4

22-   Carry out estimation in redox titration by potassium dichromate.

23-   Justify the use of non aqueous titration.

24-   Apply non aqueous titration

25-   Enumerate solvents used in non aqueous titration.

26-   Discuss the factors affecting precipitation titration.

27-   Describe Mohr's method for precipitation titration.

28-   Describe Volhard's method for precipitation titration.

29-   Enumerate the indicators used for precipitation titration.

30-   Discuss the effect of other components on EDTA titrations.

31-   Apply precipitation titration.

32-   Discuss the factors affecting particle size of precipitate.

33-   Discuss the mechanism of precipitation.

34-   Differentiate between colloidal, crystalline and co-precipitate.

35-   Apply gravimetric analysis.

36-   Analyze powders or solutions of drugs using the most appropriate titremetric, precipitation, redox z complication reactions…etc.

37-   Enumerate the advanced methods for analysis.

38-   Explain the mechanism of radioactivity as a method for analysis.

39-   Apply radioactive analysis.

40-   Explain the mechanism of spectrophotometery as a method for analysis

41-   Apply spectrometry for drug analysis

42-   Propose spectrophotmetric method for the analysis of drugs

43-   Justify the use spectrometric, electrochemical or other methods for analysis of drugs

44-   Interpret the data of analyzing raw material and finished products

45-   Assess the compliance of raw material, and finished products to the Pharmacopeial standards

46-   Justify the use of recent methods for analysis

47-   Compare the recent instruments over the traditional methods of analysis.

48-   .Apply NMR for drug analysis

49-   Apply radioimmunoassay.

Course Contents:

This course covers fundamentals of analysis, law of mass action, common ion effect, ionization, buffer and buffer system in analysis, stoichiometry, preparation of solutions, indicators, titremetric methods, potentiometeric determination of end points, acid- base reactions, precipitation reactions, redox reactions, complexation reactions, gravimetric analysis, spectrometry, geometric analysis, volumetric measurements, optic rotation, specific gravity and radioactivity as methods for analysis of raw materials and finished products. Practical work offers knowledge and skills in analysis of raw materials and finished pharmaceutical products using one or more of the above methods.

 Practical work: covers examples of titremetric (acid – base and residual) precipitation reactions (direct and residual), redox reactions (direct and residual), complexation (direct and residual) and large anion reagent and large action reagent reactions, gravimetric, spectrophotmetric methods, electrochemical, miscellaneous methods, and distillation for analysis of drugs.

Bibliography

1. Textbook Title: 1.      Skoogs et al.  Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry. Saunders's College Publication. N.Y. U.S.A. 2.      Connors, A Textbook of  Pharmaceutical analysis, John wily, (1999) 2. References: 1.      Becket and Swanlike. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Volume 1,2). Alton Press.  London. U.K.(2001) 2.      Alfonso R. G. . Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy; Lippincott. Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia. USA (2003) 3.         Becket and Swanlike. Practical pharmaceutical chemistry (vole 1,11).Alton press.  London. UK (2001)

3. Internet : 1.      http://ull.chemistry.uakron.edu/analytical 2.      http://Pubs.acs.org/journals/ancham

Student Evaluation

PHCY 440: Pharmaceutical Chemistry I

Prereq: CHEM 340	3 C.H.	Lectures: 2 CH	Practical: 1	Contact Hs: 4
Professional	Required	Fourth Year	First Semester	English

Course Objectives

After completing this course, the student will be able to:

1-       Compare between different methods of drug nomenclature.

2-       Name the important classes of drugs with examples along with their chemical structure  

3-       Discuss structure – activity relationship of drugs affecting central nervous system, autacoids and their antagonists, non narcotic analgesics-antipyretics and NSAIDs,   

4-       Design methods for the synthesis of examples of the above drugs  

5-       Design and carry out methods for the analysis of examples of the above drugs

6-       Carry out analysis using IR, UV, NMR and MS

7-       Use official methods for the analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms.

8-       Assess compliance of raw materials and finished products to official needs.

Course Contents

This course covers physicochemical properties of drug molecules in relation to drug  ADME, drug nomenclature program , international nonproprietary names , structure activity relationships, fundamental pharmacophores for drugs used to treat diseases, Pharmaceutical Chemistry of drugs affecting central nervous system, autocoids and their antagonists non narcotic analgesics-antipyretics and NSAIDs,   analysis using IR, UV, NMR and MS.

Practical work covers analysis of representing examples of the above groups of drugs, according to USP or BP.

Bibliography

1.      Textbook Title: 1.      Wolff, M. Medicinal Chemistry. Wiley. Interscience New York. U.S.A. 2.      Becket and swanlike. Practical pharmaceutical chemistry volume 1. Alton Press.  London. U.K 3.      Becket. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, CBS (2000) 2.      References: Alfonso R. G. (2001). Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia. U.S.A.  Becket and. swanlike, practical pharmacy review (2001). Lippincott Williams and    Wilkins. Philadelphia . U.S.A.       3.    U.S.P.(the Latest Edition)        4.  B.P.( The Latest  Edition)

3.      Internet : a.www.pharma-lexicon.com b.   www.chemfinder.com

Student Evaluation

PHCY 450: Pharmaceutical Chemistry II

Prereq: PHCY 440	3C.H.	Lectures: 2 CH	Practical: 1	Contact Hs: 4
Professional	Required	Fourth Year	Second Semester	English

Course Objectives

After completing this course, the student will be able to:

1. Illustrate the nomenclature of drugs
2. Classify drugs according to their groups
3. Outline structure- activity relationship.
4. Design methods for the synthesis of drugs
5. Design methods for the analysis of drugs
6. Use of the following methods of analysis of drugs: IR, UV, NMR and MS.
7. Apply official methods for analysis of products containing one or more drugs.
8. Assess compliance of raw materials and finished products to Pharmacopeial standards
9. Discuss the fundamentals and ethics of molecular biology , genetic engineering ,organ transplantation and biotech products

10.  Illustrate the procedure used for the manufacture of biotech products

11.  Enumerate available immunoglobulin

12.  Describe uses, advantages, disadvantages, storage, and administration of biotech products

13.  Justify the recommendation of biotech products  for the treatment of a disease

14.  Discuss the role of immunotherapy, gene therapy and genetic engineering in the treatment      and /or prevention of diseases. 

15. Retrieve, evaluate and disseminate information on biotech products.

Course Contents

This course completes with Pharmaceutical Chemistry I the other drugs concerning contemporary medicinal chemistry. It covers of cardiovascular drugs and diuretics, GIT drugs, respiratory drugs, endocrinology and related drugs, anti-infective drugs, radionuclides, and antineoplastics.

It covers human cell structure and components, mitosis and meiosis , chromosomes and DNA, gene transcription and translocation processes, recombinant DNA technology, history, making genetically determined vaccine, gene splicing, hybridoma manufacture, searching for genetic defects, gene-derived therapeutics, pharmacognostic application, , pharmacological application, organic chemistry application , moral and ethical points along with relevant demonstrations. 

Practical work covers analysis of representing examples of the above groups of drugs, according to USP or BP.

Bibliography

1.Textbook Title:  Wolff, M. Medicinal Chemistry. Wiley. Interscience New York. U.S.A. Becket and swanlike. Practical pharmaceutical chemistry volume 1. Alton Press.  London. U.K Becket. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, CBS (2000)

2.References: Alfonso R. G. (2001). Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia. U.S.A.  Becket and. swanlike, practical pharmacy review (2001). Lippincott Williams and    Wilkins. Philadelphia . U.S.A. U.S.P.(the Latest Edition) B.P.( The Latest  Edition)

4.      Internet : a.www.pharma-lexicon.com b.   www.chemfinder.com

Student Evaluation

CHEM 451: Advanced Instrumental Analysis

Prereq: CHEM 440	1 C.H.	Lectures: 1 CH	Practical: 1	Contact Hs: 3
Professional	Elective	Fourth Year	Second Semester	English

Course Objectives

After completing this course, the student will be able to:

1-       Use of the following methods of analysis of drugs: IR, UV, NMR and MS.

2-       Apply official methods for analysis of products containing one or more drugs.

3-       Assess compliance of raw materials and finished products to Pharmacopeial standards   

Course Contents

This course provides the most advanced techniques in analysis of raw materials and   drug delivery systems. It offers the mechanism, the methods using IR, UV, NMR and MS. In addition it offers the advanced methods of QC.

Practical work covers analysis of representing examples of the above groups of drugs, according to USP or BP.

Bibliography

1.Textbook Title: 1. Wolff, M. Medicinal Chemistry. Wiley. Interscience New York. U.S.A. 2. Becket and Swanlike. Practical pharmaceutical chemistry volume 1. Alton Press.  London. U.K.

2.References: 1. Alfonso R. G. Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia . U.S.A.  (2003) 2.U.S.P.(the Latest Edition) 3.B.P.( The Latest  Edition)

3.Internet :    1.www.pharma-lexicon.com      2.www.chemfinder.com

Student Evaluation